I’ve seen a commentary or two suggesting that one of the main sins of Babel was not merely the pride of trying to be bigger than God or to exercise a godlike mastery over the world, but an attempt to defy God’s commands in Genesis 8 and 9 to go upon the Earth and fill it…that they were attempting to hang together rather than scattering and to remain one people with one tongue (and contrast this with the diversity of nations and perhaps of fates described in the chapters previous for the sons of Noah). So there would seem to be an element of plurality willed by God and sinfully defied by man.
There are also the many who are not Jews but who follow God sincerely and are blessed by Him for it…Ruth/Naomi,Rahab, for example (and they are in the genealogy of Jesus!), Namaan the Syrian, the centurion…but this is a particular kind of plurality, one oriented toward a genuine openness to God. I think I’ll have to think about this more because God is clearly willing to demand that the other nations follow some part of His law (see the fates of the various dwellers in Canaan).
